Connect to raspberry pi over usb. txt file in the boot partition. To compare, an edited version of the cmdline. Use command python -m serial. The boot sequence and self-setup will take 1-2 minutes. Jan 30, 2022 · Just plug a Micro USB cable into the Xbox One controller and the USB-A end into the Raspberry Pi. Enter ‘pi’ in the Username field and your password, then click Continue. Perhaps most popular is the Display Serial Interface, or DSI. Connect your Android device to your Pi via it's USB data cable. Setting up the Raspberry Pi for Xbox Controllers. -adding an ssh. Note: If you want to see all these steps in action, I have a video lesson available for the community members. txt, cmdline. The above line will set us up for the next file that we alter. local or 10. Open “Terminal” on your computer. The 4B has Gadget Mode via the USB C ( non standards compliant ) Power Port. Bonjour allows your computer to automatically recognize USB and ethernet devices like printers, scanners, and in this case the Raspberry Pi. Can't help with specifics (I don't use MACs or Pi's, but do know networking at this level - hence comment not answer) Try googling setting static IP on X where X us Mac or Pi. Participated in the. And then check you can see your files and create a new one: Jul 10, 2022 · Type this command to enter the text-based configuration tool for your Raspberry Pi: sudo raspi-config. -testing the Raspberry Pi Module V2 and its ribbon by taking pictures. My choice would be the first. Set up sshd to listen to port 443 (that port is often not blocked), or pick a random high port (anything above 1024) Click Choose device and select your Raspberry Pi model from the list. Feb 6, 2016 · The PI4 is powered and booted from the USB A to USB C cable connected to a USB port on my Windows 10 PC. Next, click Choose OS and select an operating system to install. You need the RPI in Client mode (=gadget mode. Connect your preferred storage device to your computer. Could this possibly resolve my issue and does Raspberry 4 model B are able to connect monitor on USB ports (not USB C, regular USB)? Thanks to you all. As shown in the pinout you have mixed up TXD (pin 8) and RXD (pin 10). Download and install the app on the server computer; 3. Setup ethernet over USB: https Hard to imagine blasting the Raspberry Pi CPU with zillions of per-character interrupts with the UART is a better alternative to DMA mediated USB transfers of characters arriving from/going to the remote device. To set a wireless LAN country, open the Raspberry Pi Configuration application from the Preferences menu, select Localisation and select your country from the menu. If you have the SD card in your Pi Zero, power it down and remove it. miniterm, then enter device port and receive port data on screen. And you can communicate with your python program activating Raspbian file system e. Open the Thonny Python IDE on Raspberry Pi (which uses Python 3) and enter the following code: import serial. enable_uart=1 No need to disable bluetooth. The USB-C port is for power and USB-OTG. You need to force the dwc2 driver into peripheral mode in config. This is a really comprehensive guide, taking you all the way from flashing an SD card, accessing your Pi Zero via Putty, installing VNC and setting up a graphical user interface, to running Minecraft. In addition, the RPi 4 has 2 USB-2 ports, and 2 USB 3 ports - as described in the "official documentation". We need first to find out the filesystem name for the drive we want to mount to our Raspberry Pi. HawaiianPi wrote: I use a USB TTL serial adapter based on the CP2012 chip. 0 - Once thus is working you will need to get NAT working on the MAC. Provide details and share your research! But avoid … Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Jan 30, 2020 · 1. Jun 1, 2020 · Set USB Gadget mode. Added modules-load=dwc2,g_ether directly after rootwait in the cmdline. txt looks like this: Click Choose device and select your Raspberry Pi model from the list. miniterm. df -h Copy. 9 to perform reads and writes. After this, you can simply connect your Raspberry Pi 4 to the iPad Pro and connect via ssh using raspberry. txt at boot partition. May 8, 2017 · 5. I've plugged a HDMI cable into the Pi Mar 4, 2013 · My understanding is that, We already know that direct USB-USB connection impossible, (Pi)- (USB to Ethernet)- (cross cable or cloud or )- (Ethernet to USB)- (PC) connection possilbe. Step 2: Write to SD card. You then need to configure USB and configure the resulting network device, and if you want, offer DHCP to the other side of the connection. Microcontroller Contest 2017. import Feb 3, 2020 · You might get away with doing trivial things on the 4B, you might not. With gadget mode, you won’t even need a network connection or a power adapter. Then, click Choose storage and select your storage device. I know how to do this (and it works really well) for the Pi Zero W, but following the same instructions for the 3B doesn't work. Jan 21, 2021 · 0. Aug 22, 2021 · As for USB on the Raspberry Pi itself, that's fairly simple. OS to your PC and mount the boot partition. – davidgo. txt and ssh) so that's not the problem. Edit the Image. reset_input_buffer() port. Get an Ethernet USB adapter, create a bridge in the Pi with the built in eth0 and your extra “usb0” (will be called eth1 more than likely) in it, and you have the equivalent of a 2-port Ethernet switch. txt file. I am able to use the serial module in Python 3. If the goal is to get an internal (to the case) USB port. txt. Something's gone wrong. I know that I can use Ethernet to SSH/FTP into the Pi but I need to harness the speed of the USB 2. Mar 14, 2021 · Plug it in to your Raspberry Pi via USB. I added three things to the PI O/S SD Card: 1. 5. ) Oct 27, 2022 · 1. In your Raspberry’s terminal, run the following command: yum install [package]; 4. Jan 29, 2021 · Connect your Pico over usb whilst pressing it’s boot select button. Connect your ethernet cable to your computer and to the Raspberry Pi. I was wondering if there's a software or solution that allows a Windows PC to be used as an ethernet driver for a RPi and tether the connection to a RPi Zero over USB. Jul 15, 2016 · The Raspberry Pi Zero might still be hard to find, but at least it’s not hard to use. Working hard with even as SSD as local storage might be a problem. The next file we alter is cmdline. x subnet 255. Save the file and insert the SD card into the Raspberry Pi. I believe this will work. Make sure the connection is secure to ensure proper data transfer and power distribution between the hub and the Raspberry Pi. It should then appear as a USB Ethernet device. Aside from avoiding the backpower issue, what are the advantages and disadvantages of connecting via the RPI GPIO header and usually Step 1: Enable SSH on a Raspberry Pi. The steps I followed are: Added dtoverlay=dwc2 to config. Option. It might be that we've moved something or you could have typed a URL that doesn't exist. It will take up to 90s to boot up (shorter on subsequent boots). After installation finishes, shut down the Pi: sudo shutdown -h now. In the combobox choose the name of the raspberry's connection. Aug 29, 2020 · Unmount the SD card and plug it into the Pi. So in my case: sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/usb -o uid=pi,gid=pi. g. ser = serial. You can join here and watch it directly if you are interested (with 20+ other lessons for Raspberry Pi and many other benefits). Copy a public key to your Raspberry Pi. 42 ". -only plugging the Micro-USB cord into Nov 16, 2023 · 4. Feb 11, 2023 · Connect your display to the micro-HDMI port closest to the USB Type-C power input. Here is what you have to do: Simply connect your phone to PC via USB cable and after that, you will see Allow access notification. Use the arrow keys on your keyboard to select "Interfacing Options," then press the Enter key. 168. Burn this to an SD card using your favourite utility. 10. 0/24 dev enx66aa0ffcbaf3 proto kernel scope link src 10. Start the app and click “Share” next to your USB device. txt . You need to check whether 2A per Pi will be adequate in your application. Computers are normally hosts. txt I have only added. dtoverly=dwc2,dr_mode=peripheral. Run the Ansible playbook: ansible-playbook main. However, I have heard of people connecting the RPi 4 USB-C port to the USB-C port of another computer, say a desktop. Apr 7, 2019 · I've also tried using a Raspbian Jessie image as per the articles. It’s also possible to load the Arduino IDE on a Raspberry Pi if you prefer to program it that way. Serial (‘dev/tty/ACM0’, 9600) Copy the public key to your Raspberry Pi. When asked, "Would you like the SSH server enabled," choose "Yes. To open the Raspberry Pi configuration tool type: sudo raspi-config. I'm trying to connect to my Raspberry Pi Zero over USB. Added dtoverlay=dwc2 to the bottom of the config. create an empty file named ssh inside the boot directory. , and via IP to PC vice-versa. The uid and gid options allow pi to read and write files on the USB key. First, edit the file /boot/config. ”. Make sure your SD card is at least 2GB in size, although any size will do. txt, but it is a bit different. To do this, we will be making use of the df command. On your Android device, go to Settings / Wireless & Networks / More / Tethering & Portable Hotspot click "USB tethering". Jan 29, 2018 · Control Pi Zero using Ethernet over USB using Raspberry Pi (3 or 4) 1 Cannot share internet over usb to rasp zero with RNDIS on mac, when RP is connected I lose internet connection on my mac The problem will be powering the Pi4 when it's connected to a PC USB port. close() As you can see, the sensor communicates with the PC over USB COM ports. My /boot/cmdline. Power down your Pi. ) Copy a public key to your Raspberry Pi. -testing my Micro-USB cable by using it to transfer photos from my Android Smartphone to my MacBook Pro. Click on Properties (you need admin rights) Open the tab sharing. So, by default it uses the more optimized dwc_otg driver for USB. After rootwait, we will add. However, this serial module is not available for MicroPython on RasPi Pico Mar 22, 2024 · The kernel will probably set a route for this; you can check with ip route, which should include something like: 10. Set up your serial to receive at 115200-8-N-1, and then boot your Raspberry Pi. You can SSH into it using raspberrypi. Open cmdline. You’ll need to install a program called Bonjour on your computer before you can connect to the Pi over USB. Check with the developer/manufacturer of your operating system/add-on equipment for help with additional setup. Turn off your Raspberry Pi. A less common (but awesome) way to connect your computer to your Raspberry Pi is to enable gadget mode on your Pi and connect directly using USB. You can get them for $5-$10 on Amazon, and less than $2 on ebay. txt entry for zero/zeroW should be. txt file in the boot folder using any text editor. Power up your Pi wait about a minute. time. Plug the other end in to a host/laptop/iPad. Aug 13, 2015 at 14:09. One had to use an ethernet cable, set up a network using a router, etc. . Sep 7, 2023 · How to sharing USB over IP from a Raspberry Pi. 3. Tick the “Allow other network users to connect through this computer’s Internet connection. I also reinstalled all the drivers (port, universal serial bus controllers and network adapters). 4 Connect using the Serial Cable. Connected my rpi to my computer through the micro-usb data port. Feb 26, 2020 · Thanks to fiery for providing this picture to connect an USB to TTL serial adapter. Code: Select all. @usbman: The config. May 9, 2019 · A standard USB A to micro B cable is all you need. readline() print(ack) # change this to blink LED on pico. 2 in the ip addr add. If i plug my cell phone into the same USB C cable, it is immediately recognized and connected. 168 try assign IPs in 172. 1 as the address. Now connect your raspberry pi via ssh. 1 in the address field and give it a name (we called ours Raspberry Pi 4 iPad Pro). The team has been notified of the problem. USB requires a Host / Client relationship. Before we plug the USB cable attached to your Raspberry Pi into your Linux or Mac computer make sure a terminal is running and make sure the Raspberry Pi is off Oct 5, 2016 · I remember that when starting with Pi a few years ago (see this 2. Use ssh to connect to pi@raspberrypi. txt file at the time of writing, can be found here. Click Ok. Sep 15, 2016 · Re: Share internet to RPi over USB. Adapt this value to your system. On the computer you use to remotely connect to the Raspberry Pi, use the following command to securely copy your public key to the Raspberry Pi: $ ssh-copy-id <username>@<ip address>. 00 well spent. Just follow the pinout diagram below to make the necessary connections. txt file in the boot directory. Many thanks, Ben! It is highly recommended to start with a new image of the Raspberry Pi OS. (If you have a Macbook air you may need an ethernet to USB adapter) Plug in the wall power adapter into the Raspberry Pi, and then plug it into the wall to turn the power on. When prompted, enter the password for your user account on the Raspberry Pi. local broadcast 192. 0 (480 mbps) over the 100 mbps Ethernet Jul 8, 2016 · Programming the Pi over USB. Now click on Allow option to proceed. df stands for “disk-free”, and is typically used to show the available disk space for file systems, but it also displays the name of the filesystem. Tue Sep 06, 2016 2:33 pm. Mar 7, 2024 · A Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W board; The official Raspberry Pi Lite OS; Our Plugable USB2-OTGE100 wired Ethernet adapter; We cannot guarantee compatibility with other operating systems or add-on equipment. The first step is to connect your Raspberry Pi to this USB-to-TTL converter board so we can access the Pi’s serial interface through other devices. We would like to be able to access the Pi Zero through SSH from our machine using a USB cable. Mar 3, 2016 · As I have a USB male to USB male cable and OTG micro USB to 3 female USBs. The icons on the right show whether a network is secured or not, and give an indication of signal strength. Sat Dec 17, 2016 10:03 pm. Choose " Allow Other Network Users to Connect through This Computer’s Internet Connection ". Dec 7, 2018 · Next, connect Raspberry Pi Zero to your computer through the USB cable, make sure this is inserted in the USB data port of your Pi and not in the power port. Put the SD card into an adapter and plug it into your computer. Use the standard pins 6, 8 and 10 (GND, GPIO14, GPIO15) on a Raspberry Pi or Compute Module. Additional #2 For a practical example of the techniques used here, see my Depot project, which uses any of a variety of RP2040-based boards to provide Mac and Linux desktops and laptops with mediated access to sensors, displays and other peripherals. enable_uart=1. Oct 29, 2021 · As long as you have the Raspberry Pi USB-C port connected to the Raspberry Pi power supply, it would be difficult to do. txt and change: console=serial2 to console=serial0. Connect a Touchscreen Display via DSI. Step 1. or, if you are on Windows: 1 ping -n 5 raspberrypi. goldilocks. com Connect via USB using Gadget Mode. Added modules-load=dwc2,g_ether after rootwait to cmdline. 255. Aug 4, 2017 · Well, you can use your phone's USB cable to transfer data from Android phone to PC. This will allow us to enable and disable the serial input/output interface. Dec 1, 2015 · Insert modules-load=dwc2,g_ether after rootwait. (The default password is just raspberry . "Spinning rust" disks are almost certainly out. txt: Code: Select all. Headless with no peripherals should be OK. Dec 30, 2019 · Using a dedicated HAT, for example, a SIMCom SIM7600E-H LTE SMT EU which utilizes the SIM7600 chip, is a clean way to connect your Raspberry Pi to a cellular network. Enter 10. Each Arduino will then be available through ordinary serial commands both for reading and writing. 1. If you need to burn a new image to an SD card, download the Etcher tool from https://etcher. Tip. Feb 7, 2021 · Open the repo directory: cd raspberry-pi-usb-network. sleep(3) port. Open the active wifi or lan connection. Then use screen on Linux or a Mac or putty on windows to connect to the serial. May 20, 2020 · I was considering using a VGA (male) to USB 3. I'm using the main usb port to connect to Thonny and prints out debug statements. The problem is with power, not comms. Conclusion. Someone in this thread claims it works with the Pi 2. Register a FlexiHub account here and start a free demo period. Start up VX ConnectBot and SSH " pi@192. Step 1: Enable SSH on a Raspberry Pi. Now you need to find out which COM port your Pico is connected to. 16. Raspberry Pi and IoT is awesome. May 27, 2014 · There are basically two ways I can achieve that: Use an USB hub. Right-click on the correct adapter. The RPi Zero can run in either Host or Client (on the go / gadget mode) Oct 25, 2021 · Sending data from the Raspberry Pi to the Pico is the same code in all examples, with a minor modification: The port to which the Pico is connected. Jan 13, 2015 · Other thoughts: 1) Set the Pi up as an AP and connect one pc to each Pi AP (never tried lots of APs in one room though) 2) Use the remote GPIO capability of the Pi. tools. Then the RPi 4 USB-C port would function for both data and power from the “Mother” computer. May 5, 2022 · ack = port. Oct 20, 2019 · 1. " Copy a public key to your Raspberry Pi. Select Properties and Click on the Sharing Tab. Download the latest image, whatever it happens to be. While HDMI is the obvious means of connecting a display to your Raspberry Pi, various alternatives are available. Apr 14, 2020 · First, open the terminal and use the following commands to update and upgrade your Pi: sudo apt-get update. 55. But in production - I'd rather not have two cables (usb to power the PICO) and the FTDI (for comm) - I'd like to get rid of the FTDI and communicate using the single usb cable. Maybe it is the reason why your adapter get hot? Then to /boot/config. Second, we will edit the file /boot/cmdline. The command syntax is this: sudo mount <DEVICE> <FOLDER> -o <OPTIONS>. For example, plug a microSD card in using an external or built-in SD card reader. Connect the USB hub to the USB port: Take the USB cable of the hub and plug it into the selected USB port on your Raspberry Pi. Oct 12, 2016 · Matthew Exon. Usually a Raspberry Pi is a USB host. txt and add the following line: enable_uart=1. This HAT option utilizes the SIM7600CE for 4G. Click Choose device and select your Raspberry Pi model from the list. You dtoverlay=dwc2 only changes which USB driver is used. Click Save and click Connect. UART(0) and that works. Just get a USB cable, connect your Pi to your computer, and log in using SSH. A Celestron telescope and a CCD webcam. Wait about a minute and open a Terminal or, if you are on Windows, a Command Prompt and write: 1 ping -c 5 raspberrypi. I've tried flashing a new image and modifying the files needed for the setup (config. Setup : - Raspberry 4 model B 4gb - Kingston 16gb SD Card - Raspbian (last build) The steps listed below are borrowed heavily from a great blog post (one of several for Pi connectivity over time) from Ben Hardill - “Pi5 USB-C Gadget”. Jul 17, 2012 · Re: Serial Port Communication over the USB in Raspberry Pi 3. 3V output so it's safe for the 3V3 Pi GPIO. Use CTRL+] to close connection: pi@raspberrypi:~ $ python -m serial. Select "P2 SSH" and press Enter. py. That's it, eject the SD card from your computer, put it in your Raspberry Pi Zero and connect it via USB to your computer. Remove your SD card and put into a card reader and connect to the computer. Also, the Lite version is recommended to minimize memory footprint. put the SD card again into the raspberry pi. Mar 25, 2014 · I want to control my headless Raspberry Pi 3B via a USB cable connection to my PC. Jun 23, 2021 · I'm currently using an FTDI cable to connect the two and machine. RaspPiUser42. Then, add the following line to ‎the end of that file to enable the Pi’s serial console: Copy Code. 0/24 dev enx66aa0ffcbaf3. Feb 17, 2015 · I want to connect TWO usb ports via WiFi to applications on Windows 10. If you don’t give the bridge an IP address it is transparent on the network. To do that we will have to edit two files. 1. That isn't really a problem. Wed Oct 25, 2017 4:07 pm. Aug 13, 2015 · If by "that link" you mean "Gert's VGA adapter", if you scroll to the bottom you'll notice you now can buy one via Kickstarter. Jan 25, 2012 · Re: Can the Pi 4 communicate over the USB C port? Sat Jul 11, 2020 9:42 am. Save the files, safely remove the SD card, and put it back into your Raspberry Pi. 2. The USB hub I have is powered and can handle both communications and powering the Arduinos. Added dtoverlay=dwc2 to the config. That way I can sit in the warm and control the rig whilst looking for interstellar quantum data communications. DIYer and teacher Te Co Ed shows off how to easily program and use the Pi Zero over USB. 0 cable to connect my monitor to my PI without an army of adapter. 5 desktop, and immediately the ifconfig usbo0 shows an IPv4 address, and I can mount the share, use SSH etc without any problem. --- Available ports: Apr 16, 2013 · I am looking to connect a Windows box to a Raspberry Pi using a USB - USB transfer/bridge cable, like the one pictured here. As a long time Raspberry Pi fanatic, the Pi Zero, if you can get a hold of one, is $5. Mar 27, 2019 · It doesn't show up as a port, or a usb ethernet/rndis gadget. Use this boilerplate code: # sender. Nov 14, 2021 · This tutorial is based in Windows. Two other USB-related things to be aware of on the RPi 4 are: Early models had a design flaw that was released to manufacturing without Enable UART connection. I can think of at least three ways to do it: Via the GPIO header. one that has only +5v and ground wires or, possibly, one that ties the mode sense pin to the wrong state. There's various other confirmations of this around as well. 303 2 4 9. sudo apt-get upgrade. 0. With Te Co Ed’s Dec 1, 2015 · Insert modules-load=dwc2,g_ether after rootwait. Open config. If not: ip route add 10. By setting the Raspberry Pi Zero up as a USB ethernet gadget (g_ether), we can connect the pi to your host computer's internet. Note down the name of the raspberry connection. io. Oct 31, 2021 · Additional Pico SDK 1. It's more likely to work if your host USB ports don't stick to the USB spec regarding how much current they supply. and you should be ready to go. Some of these use pogo pins to connect to the USB pins on the Pi Zero, You could remove the pogo pins and solder to your Pi's USB pins as you suggest. 0 makes this process considerably more stable. You will now see your desktop in VNC on iPad Pro. Open it and click Add. Click the network that you want to connect to. Simply drag and drop the UF2 file over to the Pico’s storage, it will reboot and then start blinking! Now open your serial monitor of choice, I will use putty. Via the test points on the board (don't ask me which ones though) Use a "Y" cable to inject power via the USB C port. You may be able to use one of the add on USB hubs designed for the Pi Zero. Use I2C, so that the Arduinos are I2C slaves of the Raspberry Pi. If your main address range is 192. 5 year old question ), it was impossible to SSH the Pi (without screen / keyboard / mouse) from computer with a USB cable only. Follow these steps:-. Imager always shows the recommended version of Raspberry Pi OS for your model at the top of the list. local. Nov 21, 2014 · Thanks for contributing an answer to Raspberry Pi Stack Exchange! Please be sure to answer the question. Jun 9, 2017 · Step 1: Download Raspbian. The Raspberry Pi Forums are a Jun 17, 2016 · If you want to be able to access the internet from the Pi Zero without a WiFi module or similar, check out my other tutorial titled, Share Internet Between macOS and a Raspberry Pi Zero Over USB. USB has hosts and devices. which only supports host mode. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. ) Created an empty file called ssh in the boot directory. Keep in mind that the above option is just one example and there are many more different modules and HATs out there that work just Plug in your wifi dongle to a USB port on the Raspberry Pi. e. 5. It has to be noted that direct connection PC <--> Pi with an ethernet cable May 1, 2020 · In this configuration, you can simply use the Pyserial miniterm tool to list available ports and their output. Dan’s a teacher, and this video is perfect for beginners; if you find it helpful, please let us know in the comments! May 17, 2023 · To accomplish this, insert the Pi’s SD card into a computer, ‎and open the config. Re: Connect Raspberry Pi 3 to PC via USB. In this file you want to add the following line at the very bottom: dtoverlay=dwc2. Connect your SD card with emteria. next, we use the raspi-config tool. The Raspberry Pi could be a host or device, but those with more than 1 USB port would require hardware modifications to bypass the onboard USB hub chip. Before we get started with anything in this tutorial, we should make sure our Raspberry Pi is entirely up to date by running the following two commands within the Sep 10, 2020 · This is what I have tried so far: -using different Raspberry Pi Zero Ws. . Repeat that on the system at the other end of the cable, except use 10. txt and append this line at the end: dtoverlay=dwc2. Select the adapter that has internet access (probably the Wi-Fi if your Ethernet port is used by the Raspberry Pi connection). Did they block all ports? Otherwise you can set up your ssh daemon to listen to another port (you can even let it listen on multiple ports at once). See full list on howchoo. Aug 28, 2020 · VNC Viewer is available from the App Store. -using different Micro-SD Cards. Works great with the Pi and has 0-3. What you might have encountered is a charge only cable i. I know very little about quantum mechanics, linux and nothing of windows coding. The connections are as follows: Raspberry Pi’s GND (Ground Pin) >> UART Board’s GND Pin Aug 9, 2021 · Yes a software bridge is the equivalent of a network switch. Now look for USB file transfer turned on and click on it. yml. You can't connect a host to a host directly, and can only connect hosts to devices. Jun 30, 2012 · Re: Connect Pi to Playbook over USB Mon Jul 02, 2012 11:44 am PS I connected the Playbook to a Debioan Squeeze 6. Mar 28, 2024 · The first thing that you want to do is open a file at the root of the mounted drive called config. 42. local as the address. The first thing you need is the Raspbian image from the Raspberry Pi Foundation website. To access the Pi Zero over USB you have to edit the image first. Plug one end of a USB-C cable in to the Pi. drgeoff wrote: fruitoftheloom wrote: Will not work as both USB Ports are Slaves, you will need to put the Raspberry Pi in Gadget (Master) Mode: USB ports on Windows PCs are always USB hosts (=masters). I have looked over other questions but I haven't seen anything similar to my goal. jl nb ac rd pq fh yn ss eo bw